Saints, Scholars and Schizophrenics - 1506 Words

Saints, Scholars, and Schizophrenics: Mental Illness in Rural Ireland. Nancy Scheper-Hughes 28 November 2011 Anthropology 1103- 001 Scheper-Hughes, Nancy 1979 Saints, Scholars and Schizophrenics: University of California Press â€Å"It is generally accepted that schizophrenia is a condition in which the person alters his representation of reality in order to escape or withdraw from seemingly unresolvable conflicts and from social interactions that are painful.†(Nancy quotes Hill, Lewis B 1955) as important defining quote of what is incorporated in characteristics of schizophrenia. In the mid 1970’s, in rural Ireland, cases of mental illness and schizophrenia was abnormally high; Nancy Scheper in her ethnography uncovers possible†¦show more content†¦The attitude towards sex was implemented as shameful, dirty, and guilt covered. Older men, 30’s- late 40’s, were the most common relevance of schizophrenia, which Nancy implies has part to do with sexual repression of these men. Hopelessness was often common, and sexual appendages were seen as a burden, Nancy used a personal portrait of one of the patients of the hospital to show this. (pg.331) It seems Ballybran was  " caught in between old and new social systems and moral economics† (pg. 49). The Family structure was also a large part of development unusual social habits; children were neglected of personal interaction with mother necessary for early neurological development, but at the same time overly protected by isolation at a young age. Children were made tough by being beaten at home, school, and church and began to associate human touch with negative attributes instead of comfort. They were beaten into what was considered to be â€Å"a good Irish child†, expected to be quiet, out of sight, and not to ask for things such as sweets or attention. Depending on gender and position of being born, whether it to be first born child or the runt of the family, led to differences of their responsibilities into adulthood. The last born sons began to be expected to stay home and inherit the farm, Become the â€Å"scapegoat† of the family through their illness, forcingShow MoreRe latedEssay on Saints, Scholars, and Schizophrenics 2166 Words   |  9 PagesSaints, Scholars, and Schizophrenics is the ethnographic study of a small town of An Clochan on the Dingle Peninsula in Ireland. Nancy Scheper-Hughes lived in this small village in order to gain perspective to why there was such a large number of schizophrenic cases within Ireland, and also why such a large percent were unmarried males. She wanted to dissect the issue of why these individuals were so prone to schizophrenia and what cultural factors cause these high rates. Scheper-Hughes interviewedRead MoreSaints, Scholars and Schizophrenics: Mental Illness in Rural Ireland.2308 Words   |  10 Pagesusing some form of birth control. The men are mostly shepherds, fisherman, and dairy farmers. (Scheper-hughes, 19) The people in the town sell canned goods, cigarettes, sugar and tea. It is said that the introduction of Christianity by the village saint Brendan the navigator started the period of the parish. Brandon and his band of holy monks spent a summer in ballybran on a mountain, which is now honored in his memory. They now call it mount Brandon. It is said that when Brandon was preying on aRead MoreAn Analysis Of Nancy Scheper Hughes s Saints, Scholars, And Schizophrenics Mental Illness910 Words   |  4 Pageslearn about the personality traits found among the Irish. Nancy Scheper-Hughes states that, â€Å"the Republic of Ireland has the highest hospitalization treatment rate for mental illness in the world† (Scheper-Hughes 60). The book titled, Saints, Scholars, and Schizophrenics Mental Illness in Rural Ireland, talks about the mental illness Schizophrenia and mentions reasons why the Irish population has been diagnosed with so many cases. Scheper-Hughes observes, â€Å"Schizophrenia is the core problem – more thanRead MoreCultural Dif ferences Between Social Systems And Human Relationships1614 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen argued that it may be inappropriate to speak of politics and kinship when referring to societies which themselves lack concepts of ‘politics† and â€Å"kinship†. In many cultures there are taboos, thing that people don’t speak of. Saints, Scholars and Schizophrenics by Nancy Scheper-Hughes the Irish people of â€Å"Ballybran† rarely talked about their emotions. In Pyramids and Nightclubs by L.L. Wynn, there are different cultures between Saudi Arabia and exciting Cairo. The Middle Eastern countries areRead MoreNancy Scheper-Hughes and the Question of Ethical Fieldwork Essay1967 Words   |  8 Pagestraveled to a village in rural Ireland which she later nicknamed â€Å"Ballybran† (Scheper-Hughes 2000-128)). Her findings there led her to publish Saints, Scholars and Schizophrenics: Mental Illness in Rural Ireland in 1979, in which she attempted to explain the social causes of Ireland’s surprisingly high rates of schizophrenia (Scheper-Hughes 2000:128). Saints was met with a backlash of criticism from both the anthropological community and the villagers who had served as her informants. The criticismRead More Columb us and the New World Discovery Essay4487 Words   |  18 Pagesof devastation and crime. George Santayana soon wrote of Columbus, in one of his Odes, He gave the world another world, and ruin Brought upon blameless, river-lov- ing nations, Cursed Spain with barren gold, and made the Andes Fiefs of Saint Peter. Today revisionism is in full flood. Much of it is useful and necessary. The one duty we owe to history, as Oscar Wilde said, is to rewrite it. The very phrase discovery of America is under a ban. It is pointed out, not unreasonably

Long Distance Rates And Revenue - 990 Words

As long-distance rates and revenue declined, the debt and expenses piled up and put pressure on WorldCom’s ability to meet key-performance indicators and earnings forecasts (J. Randel Kuhn Sutton, 2006). The line cost was the biggest expense for WorldCom and half of its total expenses. Management committed to achieve a low line cost to revenue ratio because lower ratio meant better performance and higher ratio meant poorer performance. Management focused on lowering the line cost level expense (J. Randel Kuhn Sutton, 2006). It carried out two improper accounting methods to reduce the amount of line costs (Beresford, Katzenbach, C.B. Rogers, 2003). First, it released the accruals, the amounts kept aside on WorldCom’s financial statements to pay expected bills which is also called â€Å"cookie jar reserve† from 1999-2000 (Beresford, Katzenbach, C.B. Rogers, 2003). These accruals were supposed to reflect the estimate line costs and other expenses that WorldCom h ad not yet paid (Beresford, Katzenbach, C.B. Rogers, 2003). Releasing the accrual is appropriate when it turns out that less is needed to pay the bills than has been expected to pay. Instead, WorldCom provided offset against reported line costs when the accrual was released which reduced reported expenses and increased pre-tax income (Beresford, Katzenbach, C.B. Rogers, 2003). When the accruals started to run out, WorldCom came up with another method, capitalization of line costs. WorldCom started classifyingShow MoreRelatedPublic Policy Goals For Ip Voice Services Haven1032 Words   |  5 Pagessubsidize native VOIP service in rural areas, where the value of providing service is higher due to greater distances between customers. VoIP suppliers already contribute to the federal USF on the idea of revenues from interstate and international traffic. With this call, VoIP suppliers currently should contribute to state USF programs supported their intrastate (within a state) revenues farewell as their needs don t conflict with federal law or policies. State Regulations The Commission s rulesRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Transport Principles of Economy of Scale and Economy of Distance1418 Words   |  6 Pages ID: 01 Intake: 14th [pic] Bangladesh University of Business Technology (BUBT) Submission Date: 30th December, 2010 1. Compare and contrast the transport principles of economy of scale and economy of distance. Illustrate hoe they combine to create efficient transportation? Ans: There are two fundamental principle that impact transportation efficiency Economy of scale in transportation is the cost per unit of weight decreases as the size of a shipmentRead MoreThe Boeing 7e71250 Words   |  5 PagesThe Boeing 7E7 WACC Estimation In order to evaluate the prospective IRRs from the Boeing 7E7, we first try to estimate an appropriate required rate of return for accepting this project. The capital asset pricing model is applied to estimate the cost of equity of the commercial aircraft division: R_EC= ÃŽ ²_EC*(R_M-R_f )+R_f where REC is the cost of equity capital of the commercial aircraft division. ÃŽ ²EC is the beta for the commercial division of Boeing. This beta is used instead of the company’sRead MoreMarriott Group Pricing Optimizer Essay1332 Words   |  6 Pages Revenue management has been a system long used by the airline industry to optimize revenue on airline routes. Marriott implemented their own revenue management One Yield system twenty years ago to optimize individual guest room rates and allocation. One Yield is used in 97 percent of Marriott’s 3,300 hotels in 70 different countries to handle over 75 million individual guest room transactions per year. Recently, Marriott decided to move from One Yield to Total Yield so its revenue managementRead MorePest Analysis for Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited929 Words   |  4 Pagesbut will also generate new revenue streams for future growth. The company also continued to invest in infrastructure development and addition of network capacity with a view to enhance services and to expand its reach across the country. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths †¢Largest operational network and infrastructure within ICT (Information amp; Communication Technologies) segment. †¢An integrated Monopoly. †¢ Market leadership in Local loop, Wireless local loop (WLL) and fixed telephonyRead MoreAirborne Express Case Study1691 Words   |  7 Pagesof competition amongst firms. While there was a 15-20% increase in shipment volumes per year for the past decade, the prices have fallen, which hindered large growth of revenues of the industry. The growth rate of revenue was a mere 10-15% since the firms were in a sense doing more work for less money. This low individual growth rate signifies high intensity of rivalry. Another reason why the industry has high intensity of rivalry is because the service is largely undifferentiated since the basic infrastructuresRead MoreOcean Carriers Solution Essay865 Words   |  4 Pagesdetailed understanding of the various calculations, the reader of this analysis is welcome to have a closer look at our model. 1. Do you expect the daily spot hire rates to increase or decrease next year? Although we expect the iron ore exports to take off in the next few years, our expectation as to next year`s spot rate is rather pessimistic. This is mainly due to the decrease of the demand in iron ore vessel shipments highlighted in exhibit 5. Meanwhile there will be a delivery of 63Read MoreStatement of Purpose to Attend University of Northern Colorado (UNC) and Mesa State University616 Words   |  3 Pageswell they fit my needs of having a short-distance college with exceptional. UNC and MSU are both close to home. They possess the educational programs I desire along with respectable baseball programs. When it comes to differences, living accommodations would be quite different between UNC and MSU. Following those lines, the graduation rates are also significantly different between the two. Even though MSU is a credible college, the graduation rate and distance from home could cause problems during dailyRead MoreWalmart: A Strategic Management Case study Financial Perspecti ve959 Words   |  4 PagesEDLP strategy of Wal-Mart by leveraging purchasing scale has pushed down prices compared to other retailers. Average prices in Kmart and Target is at least 10-15% higher than Wal-Mart and focuses its competition on product variety and quality. Revenue growth of Costco during 2008-2012 (22.64%) is almost doubled that of Wal-Mart (11.86%) during the same period. Target had a moderate growth of 11%. The % of sales of large scale suppliers like PG, Lever, PepsiCo, and Kraft with Wal-Mart is higherRead MoreOcean Carriers Case Analysis795 Words   |  4 Pages1. We expect the daily hire rates to increase from 2001 to 2002, but then to decrease overall in the long term based on the assessment of the consulting firm. The consulting firm based their forecast on higher demand in iron ore shipments. They claim demand in iron ore shipments has historically shown a strong correlation with charter rates, and we believe this makes sense. Vessel size, distance of route, and demand for ore/coal are drivers of daily rates. Per the case, technological developments

Informative Speech Template Essay - 993 Words

Outline Worksheet: Informative Speech Title: The Failure of Yucca Mountain Speaker: Michelle Hwang Specific Purpose: To explain the intended purpose of Yucca Mountain as a potential nuclear waste repository, and the resulting failure of the project due to government inaction. Introduction I. Attention-getter: Imagine your old community swimming pool filled with trash. Now as time passes that trash just keeps accumulating; what would you do with that trash? Where does it go or more importantly where can it go? Well, instead of trash imagine nuclear waste. Currently, 122 power plants across the U.S have spent nuclear fuel and waste that is laying unattended with nowhere to go. Our government tried to tackle this problem by†¦show more content†¦1. These dry caskets are then stored at temporary storage units that hold the nuclear waste, but these storage units are quickly being exhausted due the accumulating amount of waste. 2. The government wanted to find a solution to this and decided that the proposed solution should not only prevent leakage of radioactive material into the environment, but also remain in a location for a period of time that outlives the human civilization. So, the government took action and passed the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982. II. Main Idea #2 A. The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 was the start of establishing a permanent nuclear disposal site by 1998. 1. The Department of Energy was assigned to study potential repository sites and to develop a relationship with the nuclear power plants in disposing the nuclear waste. 2. In 1987 Congress revised the Nuclear Waste Policy Act and made Yucca Mountain the main permanent repository site and required that the Department of Energy begin moving the waste from the nuclear reactors to the repository by 1998. It is important to remember that 1998 was the deadline. B. Yucca Mountain was the chosen repository site because it was resilient to any leakage, no environmental factors that could lead to a leakage, and because it was in the middle of a desert where no human population was near. 1. To fund the program, the Nuclear Waste Fund was created. SinceShow MoreRelatedEssay about Informative Speech: How to Build a Resume746 Words   |  3 PagesInformative Speech Many individuals have stressed out over job interviews and their resumes. I think that everyone has including me. It is very vital to have a quality resume if you want to get a good job after graduation. Stressing out over getting a good job and having a good resume is something that everyone in this room can relate to, I’m sure. If not then you probably have a great skill that many wish they had. Throughout my college career I have gone to numerous resume building workshopsRead MoreInformative Speech1497 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ORGC 201 Informative Speech Assignment Create a 5-6 minute presentation using PowerPoint visuals. Make sure your PowerPoint follows the guidelines discussed in class. The purpose of the presentation should be to inform the audience. Your presentation should reflect a topic, theme, or issue relevant to your major. For ideas of topics, you may consider looking at issues of Crains’ Chicago, The Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg BusinessWeek, The New York Times, The Chicago Tribune, cnn.com, TheRead MoreThe Type Of Speech : An Informative Speech1075 Words   |  5 PagesThe type of speech: An informative speech. The topic: An informative speech on the importance of diverse children’s literature and the relation of diverse children’s literature and youth literacy. 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Classical and modern day music free essay sample

Brownouts Classical and Modern day Music From the 12th century to the 21 SST century music has been vital to everyday life. Whether the music Is coming from the trumpet playing an old time classical or from the beat of a rapper raping his favorite tune or song; the creativity and passion for music starts to flow out of every person who lets It. Music had changed drastically over the years. Three ways music has changed is by adding instruments, changing the message, and by changing the purpose.A lot of people have been exposed to sic, whether its classical or everyday modern. The basis of music has changed, since the early days of just playing one instrument and singing the thoughts that pop into the singers head. Music started out with little equipment and has only progressed since. Today, music goes through a process before its even heard. There is so much work put into having a song sound good. We will write a custom essay sample on Classical and modern day music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Back in the old days, music was played out of enjoyment. It came from the heart. Classical music is known to have a wide dynamic range and will often speed up and slow down at deferent times. While modern music often expresses emotion through the singer, there Is more of an emphasis and variation that In classical music. From classical to modern music the amount of Instruments has Increased tremendously. In classical and modern music the message differs in each century. Whether the people know it or not music can affect their mood and influence their behaviors as well. Music had personalities, which can express what people feel. Each song touches someone through ways like teaching a life lesson or by touching your heart.Every generation has music that impacts the world by motivating people to do certain things or defines a persons personality. Each had music sums up the generation. Classical music generally gives the message of relaxation and peace. Modern music had many messages depending on the genre. There Is a song for every mood. Within each century the message changes through each passing mood. In modern and classical music the purpose for the songs written had varied. Classical musics purpose Is generally to entertain an audience and to excite listeners emotionally and Intellectually. While some modern sic is developed to stimulate in similar ways, it also diverges from classical music. Whether your purpose is to dance and jump around or to relax in bed, there are endless possibilities. Throughout the years, each music genre has been imperative to oneself. Music is what moves everyone, and without it, life would be meaningless. From and old hymn to a funky lyric; the intentions have changed but one thing still remains. Music has and will always be a way of life to our culture. Music has transformed by adding instruments, changing the message, and by altering the repose. Although music has changed through each passing year; it is still vital in how we view life today. From the 12th century to the 21st century music has been vital to everyday life. Whether the music is coming from the trumpet playing an old time classical or from music starts to flow out of every person who lets it. Music had changed drastically since the early days of Just playing one instrument and singing the thoughts that pop wide dynamic range and will often speed up and slow down at different times.

Can Levis be Cool Again

Executive Summary After being in operation for over 140 years, Levi’s is now facing problems as a result of its poor economic performance. After failing to meet the fashion trends of the new generation, the firm has greatly lost its market share and its sales have reduced tremendously. To averse this situation, I propose that Levi’s should adopt a cost advantage strategy which will ensure that its products are of a similar quality as its competitors.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Can Levi’s be Cool Again? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the firm will sell its products at a lower price. This strategy will enable Levi’s to increase its market share by manufacturing products that meet the tastes and preferences of its target market. The strategy will also increase the overall revenue earned by the firm. As a result, Levi’s will be profitable and sustainable in the long run. Problem Statement For an organization to be sustainable in the short run and in the long run, it needs to keep up with the changes that occur within its internal and external environments. In the contemporary world for instance, firms are experiencing stiff competition. Therefore, these institutions need to come up with effective strategies that will ensure that they stand on a competitive edge over their rivals. Regardless of the outcome, it is the consumers who benefit the most since they get a wide range of goods and services to choose from to meet their tastes and preferences. Levi’s is one of the companies that is experiencing an economic downturn as a result of stiff competition. After being an apparel giant for several decades in the United States of America, Levi’s has started to lose the strong market command that it had. According to the new chief executive officer (CEO) of the firm, Philip Marineau, Levi’s was reluctant to respond to the cha nge in fashion trends especially during the mid 1990s. In the process, it failed to meet the needs and requirements of the market whose tastes and preferences had been changing with time. Unlike other apparel companies such as JNKO and Kikwear that focused on the new generation market and used innovative platforms such as online stores to sell their products, Levi’s concentrated on its baby-boomer generation customers. As a result, the sales of the company have been declining hence resulting in massive layoffs and shutting down of manufacturing plants. From its financial reports, it is evident that the firm barely reached the break-even point.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, it is necessary for the management to come up with effective measures that will ensure that the firm’s operations are sustainable in the short run and in the long run hence enabl ing Levi’s to increase its sales and market share. Situation Analysis The aim of any organization is to realise its vision and mission and achieve its goal and objectives. In profit oriented organizations such as Levi’s, profitability is one of the main motives behind their operation. To be profitable, Levi’s has put in place effective measures that have ensured that its operations are sustainable in the short run and in the long run. It is due to this fact that the firm has managed to be operational since it was incorporated by its founder, Levi Strauss during the mid 19th century. For an organization to be operational for over 140 years, its major strength has to lie on its leadership. Levi’s decisions are made by a board of members. At the present moment, the head of this board is Robert D. Haas, the great grandson of Levi Strauss. Prior to being the head of the board, Haas was the CEO of Levi’s until Marineau took over. It is evident therefore that during his era as the CEO, Haas implemented stringent measures that ensured the sustainability of the firm since he not only wanted to achieve profitability but he also wanted to ensure that the firm is sustainable in the long run due to the passion that he had developed in the family business. It is perhaps due to this fact that the Levi family has maintained the ownership of the firm over the years. Haas has been succeeded by Philip Marineau, a former head of Pepsi North America unit. During his time in Pepsi, he managed to increase the market share of the product throughout North America especially after releasing the low-cal Pepsi into the market. Due to its effective leadership and management strategies, Levi’s has managed to develop a strong brand name over the years. As a result of its reputable brand name, the firm has managed to maintain customers who are loyal to its product. For instance, most of the members of the baby-boomer generation regard Levi’s p roducts as the best.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Can Levi’s be Cool Again? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With such levels of brand loyalty, the firm has been experiencing high sales hence enabling it to be profitable. A strong brand name plays a critical role in ensuring the sustainability of a firm and its products in the long run. For instance, despite the fact that many young people do not purchase much of Levi’s products, they hold the company in high regards. However, Levi’s has failed to develop and implement effective marketing strategies that would have otherwise ensured that it maintains its huge market share in the clothing industry. Thus, the main weakness of Levi’s is its failure to keep up with the changing fashion trends. The advancement in technology has brought about sophisticated manufacturing techniques that have increased the quality of products and redu ced the cost of production. This move has greatly increased the level of competition in almost every industry including the apparel, fashion, and design industry. However, unlike its rivals that took advantage of the new technology, Levi’s had been reluctant in adopting and incorporating new technologies in its operations. Levi’s has only been concentrating with one target market, the baby-boomer generation. However, due to their concentration on members this generation, the firm did not realize that a new and vibrant market was coming up. This market is comprised of individuals who are less than 25 years of age. Their taste in fashion is different as compared to the individuals of the baby-boomer generation. The new market has a strong purchasing potential. Therefore, the failure of Levi’s to identify the potential of this market has played a critical role in the declining sales and market share of the company. Levi’s also has a poor supply chain. In the process of its development, Levi’s has been manufacturing its products within its factories. However, the firm was forced to close more than half of its factories as a measure of reducing its operating costs. Currently, the firm is hiring third party factories to manufacture its designs to meet its production targets. In the process, it incurs additional costs that act as a setback to its rejuvenation process. At the present moment, stock replenishment in its outlets is not as effective as it used to be when Levi’s manufactured its own products. Other than delays in stock replenishment, there have been instances where outlets receive different products as compared to the ones that they had ordered for.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is a huge blow since a lot of money and time will be spent to ensure that the right merchandise is delivered to the outlets again. The delays will also turn away customers who are specific with their requirements, tastes, and preferences. Consequently, Levi’s has not been having a good relationship with its retailers. For instance, the company has been having wrangles with one of its old retailers, J.C Penny Company. Such disagreements have negative impacts on the sales of the company’s products as well as its brand name. Another weakness that can be seen in the supply chain of Levi’s is its failure to effectively implement IT in its sales operations. The modern world highly relies on ICT in its operations. To keep up with this advancement, Levi’s developed an online platform where people could purchase their products from. This platform would have been an effective tool especially in capturing the young population. However, the firm closed this plat form and directed the traffic on this site to other retailers. This move has not been received well by the people who were using the online platform to purchase Levi’s products especially those who are loyal to the brand. Despite the fact that the websites that the traffic has been directed to might have Levi’s products, the presence of a different brand name such as Penny’s or Macy’s usually sends buyers away. Levi’s has a lot of opportunities that can be instrumental in transforming its operations to be more efficient. On the economic perspective, the clothing market is growing at a tremendous rate. This growth is characterised by an increase in the young population and the changes in fashion trends. For instance, the sale of traditional VF jeans had declined from 50% to 20% in a span of four years. This change is an indicator that the traditional market is not as viable as it used to be several years ago. Therefore, Levi’s can increase it s sales by focusing on this new market. On a social perspective, Levi’s still has a reputable brand name. The people of the old and the new generations are aware of the brand and hold it in high regards. Therefore, the new products of the firm will stand a high chance of being successful in the market given the demand from the individuals from these generations. Furthermore, the advancement in technology will give Levi’s a chance to come up with newer and better designs for its products. Through research and development, the firm has been able to develop new designs that have been manufactured using old and new fabrics to meet the needs of their target market. With proper pricing and marketing strategies, the firm will be able to boost its sales from these products. The major threat that Levi’s is facing is competition from firms that have a strong command in the clothing industry. Firms such as Old Navy, GAP, and Diesel are highly regarded by the members of the new generation who account for the highest percentage of sales in the clothing industry. To overcome this competition, Levi’s has to come up with effective pricing mechanisms that will make its products affordable to its target market. Consequently, the firm can use modern marketing strategies such as online advertisements to reach out to its target market. Alternatives To turn around the performance of Levi’s to be sustainable, effective and efficient, Levi’s needs to stand at a competitive advantage over its rivals. To achieve this goal, the firm has two alternatives: The cost advantage option The differentiation advantage option Resource based option Under the cost advantage option, Levi’s will modify its production process to ensure that it manufactures products that are of a similar quality as its rivals. However, these products have to be sold at a lower price as compared to its rivals. For this strategy to be effective, the firm must put a lot o f emphasis on research and development. At this point, it will be essential for the firm to understand the market trends and the tastes and preferences of its target market to ensure that its products conform to their needs and requirements. Through research, the firm should come up with an effective manufacturing process that minimize costs and maximize the output. This will play a critical role in setting up the final price of its products since they will not only be cheaper as compared to its competitors but they will be of a high quality. With this option, Levi’s will be able to compete effectively with its rivals. The fact that its products are priced at a lower rate as compared to its rivals might play a significant role in attracting customers from the new generation most of whom do not have a strong purchasing power. Given their huge numbers, however, it is possible that Levi’s will be profitable in the long run. Once satisfied, there are high chances that thes e individuals will remain loyal to the brand and even market Levi’s products through the word of mouth. This will greatly widen the market base of the firm. In the process, Levi’s will have a competitive advantage over its rivals. On the other hand however, the low selling prices might have a negative impact on the profitability of the firm especially in the short run. At the present moment, the firm is barely reaching the break-even point. Thus, if the firm fails to reach its sales target, it might run into losses hence turning the situation from bad to worse. The differentiation advantage option highly relies on research and development. Under this option, Levi’s will manufacture products that are of a superior quality as compared to its rivals. For this option to be sustainable, Levi’s will require to adopt and implement new production techniques that utilise a variety of resources such as fabrics and production technology to ensure that its products a re of a superior quality. Consequently, the firm needs to effectively market these products to ensure that they register higher sales. It is a common practice for customers to pay more for high quality products as a means of satisfying their needs. The main complaint that people of the new generation had with regards to Levi’s products is that they did not fit their description since they were either too tight or too big. The firm also avoided using stretchy fabrics in designing its products. Thus, this option will allow Levi’s to manufacture its products using the latest fabrics and techniques. With such products, it is possible that the firm will capture the attention of the individuals of the new generation and still maintain its baby-boomer clientele. However, this option is capital intensive. Consequently, Levi’s will incur additional costs in contracting firms to manufacture these products given the fact that most of its plants were closed. This will ultim ately increase its selling price. Therefore, despite its high quality, buyers will regard Levi’s as an expensive brand that should be avoided. The final alternative that Levi’s can apply is the resource based option. For this option to be successful, the firm needs to combine the resources that it has together with its capabilities to ensure that it manufactures products that are of a higher quality and value as compared to its rivals. From the information gathered from its operation history, it is evident that Levi’s has superior resources as compared to its rivals. Despite the challenges that it is facing, Levi’s has various manufacturing plants and equipments that can be influential in its manufacturing process. The firm also has a reliable supply chain system whose efficiency can be improved by a few modifications. Consequently, the firm already has a reputable brand name and loyal customers who are willing to purchase its products once they meet thei r tastes and preferences. With its highly qualified personnel team, Levi’s can put all its resources and capabilities into play to stand at a competitive advantage. Therefore, the firm needs to reopen and modernize its manufacturing plants, improve its supply chain, enhance the quality of its workforce and market its products in an effective and efficient manner. In so doing, the firm will attract more customers hence command a huge market share. In the long run, the firm will be profitable and sustainable. However, this option is capital intensive. Consequently, it contains a lot of risks since Levi’s rivals might adopt these strategies and produce products that are of an even better quality. Conclusion Given these two alternatives, I believe that cost advantage option is the best alternative that Levi’s can take given its current situation. With this option, the firm will be able to maximize on its strengths, improve on its weaknesses, overcome its threats, an d take advantage of the prevailing opportunities. This option will ensure that Levi’s increase its sales and market share, improves the quality of its products, and most importantly, it will enable the firm to keep up with the trends in the fashion industry. These are the main problems that the firm is facing at the moment. Therefore, addressing them will ensure that its operations are sustainable in the short run and in the long run. The differentiation advantage alternative is not the best option for Levi’s given its current situation since it does not fully address the problem that Levi’s is facing with regards to meeting the needs and requirements of the new generation. Despite the fact that its products will be of a high quality, it is not guaranteed that they will conform to the tastes and preferences of the target market. Consequently, this alternative is capital intensive and might lead the firm into financial problems. Therefore, this option is associat ed with high risks that might threaten the overall sustainability of the firm. To ensure that the cost advantage alternative is implemented effectively, I recommend that: The firm should invest more on research and development to ensure that it understands the market. This will enable it to manufacture products that meet the tastes and preferences of its target market. Levi’s needs to have effective price mechanisms that ensure that its products are sold above the unit production costs but below the market price. Levi’s needs to enhance its marketing strategies and utilize platforms such as the internet (social media), television, radio, print media, and word of mouth. Levi’s needs to develop an organization culture that ensures its staff are highly skilled and competent and work to achieve the set goals and objectives. Implementation To ensure that the selected option is implemented effectively, the firm will need to conduct thorough market research. In the p rocess, Levi’s will be able to understand market trends and consumer tastes and preferences. This information will enable the firm to know the types of products to produce, their quantities, and their qualities. Levi’s will also need to re-open its closed factories and equip them with up to date equipments to ensure that the production process is smooth, effective, and efficient. Through its pricing and marketing strategies, the firm will determine the best price of its products after putting into consideration the costs that it has incurred, the market price of substitutes, the prevailing economic situation, the purchasing power of its target market, and their profit margin. Finally using a platform such as social media will not only ensure that Levi’s reaches out to most of its customers but it will also act as a feedback mechanism where the firm will get reviews and suggestions on how to improve its products. This plan will modify Levi’s into a modern company that understands its target market. This case study on Can Levi’s be Cool Again? was written and submitted by user Elle Spears to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Write Numbers (With as Little Confusion as Possible)

How to Write Numbers (With as Little Confusion as Possible) As with several other English grammar rules (capitalization of titles, were looking at you!) relating to how to write numbers will vary depending on the sources you use. For example, in AP style, you would spell out whole numbers up to (and including) nine but write the numerals for 10 and above. In Chicago style, you would spell out whole numbers up to (and including) one hundred but write the numerals for 101 and above. Alternatively, you can spell out whole numbers up to (and including) nine and use numerals for the rest.So, is there a way to remember the rules without having to consult a style book each time? Yes, but it depends on the nature of your writing and for whom you are writing. For example, if you are writing a dissertation that follows a particular style, it is best to consult the style book when any number comes up in the text. However, for general business writing, fiction and most nonfiction (unless its technical writing), there are some standard rules to follow, wh ich we will cover here.Rule #1Spell out whole numbers up to and including nine.Examples:Zerofour10110Rule #2Spell out numbers that begin a sentence unless it is a year. When doing so, avoid using and such as One hundred and one Dalmatians.Examples:1975 was a great year for music.One thousand dollars is a lot of money to pay for that watch.One hundred one Dalmatians.Rule #3When you have multiple numbers within the same sentence, consistency is key if the items are in the same category. If the items are in different categories, use numerals for one category and spell out the other.Examples:She bought the car that seats five instead of the minivan that seats nine.I read four books with over 300 pages each and two articles that were 12 pages each.Rule #4When numbers are next to each other in the sentence, it is best to write out one and use a numeral for the other in order to differentiate them.Example:We bought four 7-inch frames.

Educational goals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Educational goals - Essay Example I have also learned through experience that it is not only dreams of success that bring people to the field of archaeology. I believe that I have learned through my program of study and experience that an effective leader adheres to a vision of professionalism and integrity while remaining responsible and productive in terms of personal and collective ethics. Through my experience, I am a strong proponent of the belief that the individual must accept responsibility for his/her decisions in the ways in which they affect a team dynamic both internally and externally. I believe in the power of group thinking and the value of ethical imperatives. I know that my education and work experience thus far has prepared me for taking this step towards my ultimate goal of becoming a professional in the field of archaeology. I have learned to use my experience, skills, and education to evince the type of leadership in which will allow me to help others, as well as helping myself. This goal of helping others has been foremost in my mind throughout my educational experiences. My academic tenure thus far has been marked by excellence and positive leadership. My personal strengths are in effective preparation and mediation, and I believe that I have learned a lot in terms of experience and achievement, in terms of concrete skills as well as in terms of the ethical responsibility required of a true leader. In my diligent study as an undergraduate and in my experience working, I have met and exceeded many of my personal goals. At school, I have been lauded for my academic achievements, and was also involved in many extracurricular programs as a leader and positive contributor. At work, I took personal initiatives to further my development in the â€Å"real world.† I returned to undergraduate study when I realized that I needed further